The ABCs of Sun Protection

Most people know that ultraviolet (UV) rays can cause damage to our skin and eyes, but as you may have seen in recent news, not all sunscreen and sunglasses offer equal protection. UV rays come in three different wavelengths: UVA, UVB and UVC. The ozone layer of our planet’s atmosphere absorbs 99 percent of the UV radiation headed our way. This includes all UVC rays and most UVB rays.

The radiation that reaches us is usually in the form of UVA rays, which penetrate the skin more deeply, but don’t burn. These rays can speed up the aging and wrinkling process by damaging the skin’s collagen fibers. UVB rays are less common but more dangerous to the skin. Besides accelerating the aging process, these burning rays can alter the skin’s DNA, potentially leading to skin cancer.

"To get the broadest skin protection, use a broad-spectrum sunscreen (covering both UVA and UVB rays) with an SPF of 30 or more," recommends Camino Medical Group (CMG) dermatologist Ann Ortmeyer, M.D. "Use plenty of sunscreen – two to three tablespoons if you are an adult in a swimsuit. Make sure to reapply every two hours and after swimming or substantial sweating."

When buying sunscreen, also check the ingredients on the label. Titanium dioxide and zinc oxide are two examples of ingredients that offer true broad-spectrum UVA and UVB protection.

Ultraviolet rays can also cause damage to your eyes. Prolonged exposure to UVA and UVB rays can lead to problems with the eye’s cornea and/or retina.

"It’s so important to protect your eyes by wearing sunglasses that block both UVA and UVB rays," says CMG Optometrist Kimberly Menzie, O.D. "When buying sunglasses, look for a sticker with a guarantee that the glasses block at least 99 percent of UVA and UVB rays."

The cost of sunglasses is not proportional to the level of protection. As long as the sunglasses block at least 99 percent of UVA and UVB rays, cheap sunglasses offer just as much protection as expensive designer brands. Wraparounds offer added protection.

For more information, visit:

Healthy Skin Class
Sun Protection Guide (.pdf)