June 2008

Families are already busy planning summer vacations -- and that means PAMF pediatricians are starting to get a lot of questions about traveling with children. Rebecca Fazilat, M.D., a pediatrician at PAMF's West Valley Clinic, has these recommendations for how to make flying and vacationing with children more safe and comfortable.

"Always be prepared," Dr. Fazilat said. "Carry all the child's essentials with you -- particularly if your child is on a special diet or medication."

Liquid medications are allowed, but must be "declared" to a security officer during the airport screening process. To help avoid complications at the airport, it is a good idea to compose a letter beforehand, that details any medication your child is required to take and have your pediatrician sign it.

There are new flight regulations regarding permitted carry-on items -- including those related to feeding your child. For details and updates, visit the Traveling With Children section of the Transportation Safety Authority (TSA) Web site. Plan to buy bottled water to mix with formula after you have gone through airport security screening. Always pack a few extra quart-sized, zip-top, clear plastic bags since any liquid must be contained in one of these bags in order to be carried on board.

Be sure to pack enough diapers, snacks, books and toys for the flight and be prepared for any flight delays or predicaments, such as lost luggage. In your carry-on bag, pack safe toys that aren't sharp, heavy or fragile.

"During the flight, the most important safety step is to ensure that your child wears a seatbelt when seated," cautioned Dr. Fazilat. "Turbulence often happens without warning. Adults and children, who are not buckled up, can be seriously injured when it happens. You and your child should wear seatbelts during the entire flight."

Airlines allow children under age 2 to fly on your lap. However, for added safety, you can purchase a seat for your child and use an airplane-approved car seat on board.

Many children suffer earaches when the cabin is pressurized. If you are traveling with an infant or toddler, try to feed them during take off and landing. Frequent swallowing can help prevent the build-up of pressure inside the ears. Older children can yawn or chew sugarless gum for the same relief.

"Make wise seating requests," Dr. Fazilat said. "Seat your child away from an aisle because little ones tend to reach out and explore. If they are on the aisle, they could get bumped by a serving cart or person going down the aisle."

Safety Tips for Vacationing with Children

• See your doctor about vaccinations several weeks before departure -- especially if you are traveling overseas.
  
• Take a medical kit with items such as children's pain reliever, a thermometer, Band-Aids and other first aid essentials. (Remember, if you bring liquid pain medicine or gel antiseptic in your carry-on bag, you must put it in a clear zip-lock bag and declare it to security.)
  
• Pack (and use) sunscreen, hats and insect repellent. (Sunscreen larger than 3 ounces must be packed in a checked bag.)
  
• When in unfamiliar places, look for potential dangers, such as unfenced swimming pools, balconies and busy streets.
  
• Reduce the risk of animal bites by avoiding dogs, cats, monkeys and other creatures in homes, parks or zoos.
  
• Whether you are in a rental car, taxi, bus or train, you and your child should always use appropriate restraints -- seatbelts or car seats.
  
• Keep the family hydrated. If you are concerned about the water quality, drink only bottled water, carbonated soft drinks or bottled fruit juices.
  
• Wash your children's hands frequently and make sure they don't put their unwashed hands into their mouths.
  
• To reduce the risk of heat exhaustion or heat stroke in young children, plan your adventures for the cooler mornings and dusk hours. Aim to avoid direct exposure to the sun between the hours of 11 a.m. and 3 p.m.
  
• Use caution on escalators. If your child is in a stroller, take the elevator. In the absence of an elevator, fold the stroller and carry your child onto the escalator. Watch for fingers and stray shoelaces or other bits of clothing that might get caught. Always hold your children's hands on escalators to help them keep their balance.